1.0QRS II Pagehttps://ajhassoc.comhorowitzhttps://ajhassoc.com/index.php/author/horowitz/rich600338<blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="No1nhIgnL8"><a href="https://ajhassoc.com/index.php/2016/03/04/156/">How to Calculate Path Impedances when Reliability Is Included</a></blockquote><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" src="https://ajhassoc.com/index.php/2016/03/04/156/embed/#?secret=No1nhIgnL8" width="600" height="338" title="“How to Calculate Path Impedances when Reliability Is Included” — QRS II Page" data-secret="No1nhIgnL8" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" class="wp-embedded-content"></iframe><script> /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(d,l){"use strict";l.querySelector&&d.addEventListener&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&(d.wp=d.wp||{},d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage||(d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage=function(e){var t=e.data;if((t||t.secret||t.message||t.value)&&!/[^a-zA-Z0-9]/.test(t.secret)){for(var s,r,n,a=l.querySelectorAll('iframe[data-secret="'+t.secret+'"]'),o=l.querySelectorAll('blockquote[data-secret="'+t.secret+'"]'),c=new RegExp("^https?:$","i"),i=0;i<o.length;i++)o[i].style.display="none";for(i=0;i<a.length;i++)s=a[i],e.source===s.contentWindow&&(s.removeAttribute("style"),"height"===t.message?(1e3<(r=parseInt(t.value,10))?r=1e3:~~r<200&&(r=200),s.height=r):"link"===t.message&&(r=new URL(s.getAttribute("src")),n=new URL(t.value),c.test(n.protocol))&&n.host===r.host&&l.activeElement===s&&(d.top.location.href=t.value))}},d.addEventListener("message",d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage,!1),l.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){for(var e,t,s=l.querySelectorAll("iframe.wp-embedded-content"),r=0;r<s.length;r++)(t=(e=s[r]).getAttribute("data-secret"))||(t=Math.random().toString(36).substring(2,12),e.src+="#?secret="+t,e.setAttribute("data-secret",t)),e.contentWindow.postMessage({message:"ready",secret:t},"*")},!1)))}(window,document); //# sourceURL=https://ajhassoc.com/wp-includes/js/wp-embed.min.js </script> If you were to assume that drivers are sensitive to the degree of reliability in travel time when they choose paths and if you wanted to include this sensitivity in your travel models, you would need a way to calculate path impedance from link impedance. You would also want a measure of variability (the inverse ...https://ajhassoc.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/HyderCVEquation-300x195.jpg